some doubts

could u give me a compilation of the various x rays that are best at various age groups for age determination.............

i have lost it and dont know where to find it reliably.........reddy is bit confusing......kindly help, lets study together........

zn and cd poisoning symptoms?

which poisons act on prox and which on distal tubule?

zinc poisoning if acute due to ingestion causes fever,vomitting diarrhoea.zinc fumes from welding causes fever.respiratory distress,excessive sweating and salivation.chronic large doses depress immune function and cause hy[pochromic anaemia due to cu deficiency as it causes impaired metabolism of cu.

cd poisoning if acute causes pneumonitisand gastroentritis.chronic cd poisoning is characterised by anosmia,yellowing of teeth,emphysema and mild derangements of lft and also leads to crf so osteomalacia and fractures r the features

once they asked about toxin resembling malaria, the answer is zinc

it can be zn no doubt as it causes fever increased sweating wich resembles malaria other toxins especially arsenic doesnt cause fever

toxins wich cause pct necrosis r PNEUMONIC C LMP I.E CD,LYSOL,MERCURY AND PHENOL

u forgot the most imp one- arsenic (pct necrosis)

age determination x-rays...this list is from SARP pg 50-
10-12 yrs--- wrist
13-16yrs--- pelvis and elbow
13- centre for triradiate cartilage of acetabulum&lesser trochanter
14- centre for iliac crest, medial& lat epicondyles fuse with trochlea.
15- fusion of triradiate cartilage of acetabulum.
16- centre for ischial tuberosity,fusion of lower end of humerus, olecrenon to ulna, upper end of radius.
16-17yrs--- ankle joint (fuses)
18yrs--- knee joint, shoulder joint.
centre appears for inner end of clavicle.
21yrs--- pelvis and clavicle ( fusion of ischial tuberosity and inner end of clavicle, also iliac crest fuses)
25 yrs--- sternum (the four pieces fuse)
40-50yrs--- sternum (xiphopid process unites with body)& hyoid bone (greater cornu unites with the body)

What is SUPERSTITIOUS BABY.... it was asked in PGI